Study in Hungary

Thursday, March 26, 2009

Twelfth Grade

Twelfth Grade, (also known as senior year or Senior 4 in the U.S), is the name given to the final year of secondary education in the United States and many other nations. In 98% of American High Schools, students are classified by grade (9th - Freshman, 10th - Sophomore, 11th - Junior, and 12th - Senior).

The final secondary school year is known by different terms around the world. It is simply referred to as the twelfth grade or grade 12 in English Canada); in Malaysia, it is known as the Lower Sixth Form and Upper Sixth Form; in the Republic of Ireland it is known as sixth year; in Singapore it is known as JC2 (Junior College 2). In Australia it is known as Year 12. In India it is known as XII standard or twelfth standard, and in some undergraduate colleges which offer XII standard it can also be known as Second year junior College (SYJC). In New Zealand and Great Britain, grade levels are not used. Instead, the final year of schooling is known as Year 13 in England, and Wales but sixth year in Scotland. In Northern Ireland pupils of this age enter Year 14.

The twelfth grade is the twelfth school year after kindergarten. Students are usually 17 to 18 years old. Twelfth grade is the last year of compulsory secondary education, or "high school" in the U.S.

Members of this grade level are commonly struck by "senioritis".

In most American schools, Seniors graduate several weeks before the end of the traditional school year.

United Kingdom

In England and Wales, "Year 13" (or "Upper Sixth") is the second and last year of A-Level certifications, which are completed at the end of "Year 13" (or "Upper Sixth") Students are usually 16-17 in Year 12 and 17-18 in Year 13. In Northern Ireland this takes place in Years 13 and 14. In both cases, these two years are entirely optional, but generally required for entry into higher education. In Scotland, this is 5th and 6th year. Sufficiently good marks in 5th year may be adequate for entry into higher education (Highers are the entry qualifications to university, of which can be sat in S5, S6 and college, with Advanced highers being the equivalent to year one of university[1] which can be sat following higher exams). There exist specific sixth form colleges dedicated to these years of education, sometimes known as "further education" to distinguish it from both secondary education, which is compulsory, and higher education, which implies university studies.

Germany

In Germany, students wishing to take the Abitur usually had to attend a thirteenth grade, but most states are shortening the gymnasium (the university-bound secondary school system in Germany) from nine to eight years.

India

In India, the equivalent grade is referred to as the "twelfth standard" or (in some regions "second year junior college" (SYJC). Most students who pass out of class 12 are 17-18 years old. With the introduction of separate entrance examinations for entry into medicine, engineering and law courses. Entrance exams usually comprise of multiple-choice-questions on physics, chemistry and biology (or mathematics) and are conducted separately on national and state levels. Additionally some highly coveted institutions hold their own entrance tests. These competitive exams are among the toughest in the world and competition is intense, for example over 300,000 students appear for the IIT-JEE exam, competing for 5,500 seats at the IITs. The CBSE and ICSE boards conduct twelfth standard courses nationally, while state boards operate at the state-level.

Canada

Prior to 2003, Ontario schools followed with an optional "Grade 13", which comprised the Ontario Academic Credit, a prerequisite for university acceptance in the province. In a collegiate institute, the majority of students would graduate from Grade 13, rather than Grade 12. Students of the grade were known as "Grade 13's" or "13's", never as "seniors" (an American term not used in Ontario).

In Quebec, there is no formal compulsory 12th year, as secondary education completes with Grade 11 (eleventh grade). This can be followed with optional CEGEP vocational/college preparatory program.

Wednesday, March 18, 2009

Ту́льский госуда́рственный университе́т

Tula State University (TSU) (Russian: Ту́льский госуда́рственный университе́т, ТулГУ) is the biggest state university in Central Russia. Since May 2006 the University staff has been working under the leadership of rector Mikhail Vasilievich Gryazev, professor, doctor of technical sciences. Actively responding to the challenge of time the University dynamically develops and at the same time it remains loyal to its classical traditions. Nowadays more than 20,000 students, 400 post graduates, more than 600 foreign students from 30 countries study at Tula State University. The University consists of 9 faculties (colleges), a Medical Institute, a Center of Pre-University Studies, a Regional Center for Professional Development, and 73 departments (chairs).

Tuesday, March 17, 2009

Tula State University

Tula State University (ТулГУ) is the biggest state University in the Central Russia. Since May 2006 the University staff is headed by Rector Mikhail Gryazev, professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences. Actively responding to the challenge of time, the University is developing dynamically, although keeping its classical traditions. Today the University hosts more than 20000 students, 400 post graduates, more than 600 foreign students from 30 countries. The University structure is presented by 9 departments, a medical institute, a center of pre-University studies, a regional center for raising skills level, and 73 chairs.

Educational process

At the educational market of the region TSU is represented by a unique range of services. The University prepares specialists in 150 fields and spheres of defense technical, technological, mining construction, computer, science, economic, legal, social humanitarian and medical profiles. The total number of University staff is 2400 people. More than 1200 lecturer, working with the students, include 278 Doctors of Sciences, professors, 742 PhDs, associate professors.

TSU provides day, evening and correspondence education, external studies included.

The University educates following specialists: mathematicians, mechanics, physics, chemists, psychologists, political scientists, historians, theologists, linguists, translators, lawyers, sociologists, doctors, specialists in physical culture and sports, designers, drawers, economists, managers, architectures, lecturers, specialists of highest qualification - PhDs and Doctors of Sciences.

TSU includes a regional center for raising skills level and retraining of administrative workers and specialists with more than 2400 students. General and additional professional education is provided, which helps following the principle of modern education, i.e. lifelong education.

The University scientific library possesses more than 1.5 mln books. There are several reading halls, an Internet-room, an electronic library. The laboratory of computer technologies offers 100 places. Scientific and technical potential of Russian research institutes and constructing bureaus are employed in the educational process. Leading specialists of major enterprises of the region, famous for its traditions in defense industry cooperate with the University. TSU produces electronic text-books, virtual laboratory tests, testing is involved at all the stages of knowledge control.

TSU has been awarded with diplomas of national and international competitions and exhibitions for its activity in the sphere of training, re-training and improving the education level, scientific work and achievements in the sphere of social activity. In 2005 the University was awarded by the President of the Russian Federation for its contribution to the education of highly qualified specialists and development of science. In 2007 TSU received the prizes of the Government of the Russian Federation in the sphere of education. The University staff, headed by the Rector, Doctor of Technical Sciences Mikhail Gryazev was awarded for the work "Regional university educational pedagogic complex of innovative educational technologies to prepare specialists for hightechnological production in defense industry" for higher educational institutions. The director of medical institute Alexander Khadartsev was awarded for scientific practical research "Use of neuronet technologies in educational process" for educational institutions of middle professional level.

Scientific work

The University pays great attention to scientific work in its different aspects: grant work, preparation of workers of higher qualification (post graduate studies), cooperation with institutes and scientific centers of RAS, patent work, hosting and participation in different conferences and exhibitions of different levels, students scientific work, publication of monographs, and other scientific publications. Scientific activity has a great influence on the quality of education and is one of the indexes of the fruitful work at the chairs. TSU is the field of work for 10 doctorate and 4 PhDs councils in 35 specializations. 12-15 Doctors and 75-85 PhDs are presented annually.

International activity

International collaboration is of great importance in the activity of the University. It has both scientific and educational connections with Universities of more than 20 countries, including the USA, Great Britain, Germany, Hungary, Czechia, China, Poland.

Social activity

Social activity is one of the priorities of TSU: the University possesses the regional widest net of dormitories, sports facilities, a polyclinic, the only University kindergarten in the country, a health resort, a canteen. A center of professional orientation helps students to find jobs. Different social organizations are active at the University. The University hoists a students club, sports clubs, a museum of the University, museums of arms, tools, a geological museum, and a University newspaper.

19 creative unions, clubs, embracing 600 students have been acting recently. The students club possesses 2 halls for 1226 and 200 places respectively, rehearsal premises of more than 500 sq meters.

Sports

In recent years students and employees of TSU have won two silver and one bronze Olympic medals, gained 25 prizes at world championships and contests, 19 prizes at European championships and contests, 364 prizes at championships and contests. Three sportsmen have been awarded the title of honoured master of sports, 11 masters of international level, 49 masters of Russia. Students sports days take place every year.

Graduates

A TSU graduate always finds his merited place in professional life. The University is rightfully proud of its graduates. The graduates of TSU can be found among heads of ministries and departments, governmental bodies, Heroes of Socialist Labour, Heroes of Russia, deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and Russia, State Duma,, members of the Sovied of Federation, winners of Lenin, State prizes, owners of honorary titles of Russia, members of the Russian Academy of Science, thousands of Doctors of Science, managers of industrial, scientific, constructing enterprises, educational institutions, law-enforcement bodies, famous constructors, active scientists, people of culture and arts. In general more than 100 thousands of our highly skilled graduates work in different industries both in Russia and all over the world.

Tula State University includes 9 departments:

* of mechanics and control systems
* cybernetics
* mining construction
* technological
* science
* mechanical mathematical
* of economy and law
* of humanities

The medical institute includes departments:

* medical
* of sports and tourism

TSU is one of the leading Universities of the country today, it is the scientific, educational, and cultural center of the region. It ranks 12-18 in the list of classical Universities in Russia. According to the estimation of graduates' employment, presented by the All-Russian public association "Business Russia" together with the Al-Russian Center of Public Opinion Research, TSU is listed in the higher alfa-league with 15 more Universities (mostly of Moscow and St-Petersburg)

Wednesday, March 4, 2009

Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem

The Corvinus University of Budapest is a university located in Budapest, Hungary. The university offers degrees in multiple disciplines, but it is characterised by its programmes in economics and management. Corvinus University is consistently listed in the top 50 in the Financial Times European Masters in Management rankings.

History

The immediate forerunner of this university, the Faculty of Economics of the Royal Hungarian University was established in 1920. The faculty was an independent organization, but it was granted the same status as faculties of other universities.

In 1934, the faculty was merged with other institutions including the University of Technology to form the Hungarian Royal Palatine Joseph University of Technology and Economics. In 1948, the University of Economics became an independent organization.Since then, the institution went through multiple name changes. In 1953 it was renamed Karl Marx University of Economic Sciences. In 1990, following the regime change, the name of Marx was dropped and the university was called Budapest University of Economic Sciences.

In 2000, with the integration of the College of Public Admistration, the institution was named Budapest University of Economic Sciences and Public Administration (BUESPA). The College of Public Admistration was founded in 1977.

In 2003, the three faculties of the former University of Horticulture (then part of the Szent István University)were integrated into the BUESPA. The first predecessor of the horticulture faculties, the Institution for Horticulture Education was
founded in 1853 by Ferenc Entz. In 2004, the university received its present name. The new name refers to the king Matthias Corvinus of Hungary Faculties.

The Corvinus University of Budapest has 7 different faculties. These can be grouped into three subject areas: business, public administration and horticulture.

Business concentration (Közgáz Campus):

* Faculty of Business Administration
* Faculty of Economics
* Faculty of Social Sciences


Public administration concentration (Közigazgatástudományi Campus):

* Faculty of Public Administration


Horticulture concentration (Budai Campus):

* Faculty of Horticultural Science
* Faculty of Food Science
* Faculty of Landscape Architecture


As of 2003 (before the merger with the horticulture faculties), the university had 620 teachers and 16537 students, and 2721 students graduated in that year. In 2006 it has in total 17000 students. — The education takes place not only in Hungarian but in English and German as well. A growing number of the university's students come from other countries than Hungary.

Physiotheraphy

Physiotherapy is an applied science that treats movement disorders caused by ageing, disease and joint injury.
A physiotherapist assesses and implements treatment by combining exercise, massage, electrotherapy, hydrotherapy and heat treatment to help patient restore their movement.
The core skills of physiotherapy include manual therapy, therapeutic exercises and the application of electrotherapeutic modalities such as heat, cold and electrical stimulation.
Physiotherapists require formal education and training before they are allowed to practice their physiotherapy skills. They work independently and exercise their judgment and make decisions regarding their patients. They are regulated by a professional body and need to adhere to an ethical code of practice.
Combined with several years of working experience, a physiotherapist can further his studies in a Master’s Degree overseas.
Students are required to complete at least a minimum of 1,000 hours of supervised clinical learning.
Students who have completed the course will be conferred with a Bachelor of Science. Once conferred, graduates are officially considered as healthcare professionals.
Semmelweis University programmes are taught by qualified lecturers. They use innovative methods to increase student participation and the learning process in students.

Eötvös Loránd University

The Eötvös Loránd University or ELTE, founded in 1635, is one of the oldest and largest universities in Hungary, located in Budapest.

History
It was founded in 1635 in Nagyszombat (today Trnava, Slovakia) by the archbishop and theologian Péter Pázmány. Leadership was given over to the Jesuits. At this time, the university only had two colleges (College of Arts and College of Theology). The College of Law was added in 1667 and the College of Medicine was started in 1769. After the dissolution of the Jesuit order, the university was moved to Buda (a part of Budapest today) in 1777 in accordance with the intention of the founder. The university received its final location in Pest (the other side of today's Budapest) in 1784. The language of education was Latin until 1844, when Hungarian was introduced as an official language. Women have been allowed to enroll since 1895. It was named University of Budapest (Budapesti Tudományegyetem) until 1921, when it was renamed Pázmány Péter University (not to be confused with Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem, a separate and more recent university). The Science Division started its separate life in 1949. The university received its current name Eötvös Loránd University after the physicist Loránd Eötvös in 1950.

Today
Today it has 8 different faculties and more than 30,000 students. According to the Academic Ranking of World Universities by Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2005), it was qualified as the second best university in Hungary (301-400th in the complete list), after the University of Szeged (203-300th).

Faculties
Its eight faculties are the following:

Faculty of Law
Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Education
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Informatics
Faculty of Education and Psychology
Faculty of Elementary and Nursery School Teachers' Training
Faculty of Social Sciences
Faculty of Science

Tuesday, March 3, 2009

Malacology

Malacology is the branch of invertebrate zoology which deals with the study of mollusks, the second largest phylum of animals in terms of described species after the arthropods.

One division of malacology, conchology is devoted to the study of mollusks shells.

Those who study malacology are known as malacologists.

Fields of malacological research include taxonomy, ecology and evolution.

Applied malacology studies medical, veterinary, and agricultural applications, for example mollusks as vectors of disease, as in schistosomiasis.

Archaeology employs malacology to understand the evolution of the climate, the biota of the area, and the usage of the site.

In 1794, the first compilation of mollusks was published while in 1868, the German Malacological society was founded.

Sukhoi History